Impact-engine.



Patented Nov. 27, |900.

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No. 662,763. Patented Nov. 27, |900. B. B. CARTER.

IMPACT ENGINE.

(Application lad July 19, 1900.)

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BYRON R. OARTRR, or I-HNSDALR, ILLINOIS.

amener-Encens.

.SPEGFG-ATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 662,763, dated November2'?, 1900.

Application tied my 19, 1900@ 10 ctl whom, t may concern.-

Beitknown that I, BYRON B. CARTER, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Hinsdale, in the county of Du Page and State of Illinois,have invented an Improved Impact-Engine, of which the following is aspeciiication.

This invention relates to iinpactengines, and relates particularly toimpactengines designed and adapted to be operated by fluid underpressure.

Primary objects of my invention are to provide a double-endedimpact-engine adapted to strike with either end and supported in suchmanner that it may be reversed end for end or turned at any desiredangle either about a horizontal or a vertical axis; to provide animpact-engine consisting of few parts; to eliminate as far as possiblein the construe'- tion thereof screws, bolts, and other parts liable tobe shaken loose by the vibration of the engine in operation; to provideimproved and simplified means for controlling the admission of iiuidunder pressure to the cylinder of said engine and its dischargetherefrom, and generally to provide an impactengine of simple andrelatively cheap construction which will be eflcient and reliable in itsoperation.

An impact-engine of my invention consists of the various features,combinations of features, and details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

One use for which an impact-engine of my invention is especially adaptedis that of a rammel' for making sand molds for castings, and for thepurposes of illustration I have in the accompanying drawings shown myinvention as embodied in such a rammer.

Figure l is a sideview of a rammer embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is asectional view thereof on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows themethod of supporting my ram mer. Figs. 4L and 5 are enlarged details.Fig. is an enlarged sectional view on the line 6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is aplan section on the line 7 7 of Fig. t; and Figs. s, 9, 10, i1, 12,13,14,' and are enlarged plan sections on'the lines S S, 9 9, l() 10, 1l1l, l2 12, 13 13, 14 111, and 15 15, respectively, of Fig. 2.

A ramnior embodying' my invention consists of a body portion or casingA, fitted to SeralNo. 24,138. (No motlel aud longitudinally movable insuitable bearings d a', in which is a rod Or stem A. As shown, saidbearings are formed at the ends of said casing A, and at least onethereof is flattened on one or more sides, thus preventing turning ofsaid casing and stem relatively to each other. As shown, the bearing ais hexagonal, being flat on five sides, while the sixth side a2 is leftcircular, Thus said rod or stem A' can be inserted into said casing A inone position only, atfording a convenient base for laying outcorrelative parts of said casing and said rod or stein. A sufficientlytight joint can be conveniently` formedl by making said bearing ofBabbitt metal, as indicated, which can be done in the usual mauner.Formed in said casing A is a cylinder A2, to which is litted a piston onthe rod or stem A. Separate valve-compartments AA1 A5 are also formed insaidcasing A, of which the compartment A4 is in controlled communicationwith a source of supply of fluid under pressure, and the compartment A5communicates with the atmosghere by means of an exhaust-port d5.

In the preferable construction shown the casing A is made in threesections A6 A7 A8, in which, respectively, are formed the cylinder A2and the valve compartments A4 A5, said sections being secured togetherbymeans of screw-threads and relative rotation thereof being prevented bymeans of keys d4. As shown also the cylinder A2 and thevalvecompartinents A4 are separated from one another by means ofheads-A9, removably secured in position by clamping them between thesections of said rammer-casing, said beads being provided with bearingsfor the stem or rod A. As desir-ably constructed said heads A eachconsists of two collars, between which are secured a cupped leatherpacking a5, adapted to render the bearings in said heads AJ tightagainst unbalanced pressure in the compartment A".

Fluid under pressure is admitted to and discharged from the cylinder A2through passage-ways b 1)', formed in the rod or stem A/, whichcommunicate with said cylinder A2 on opposite sides ot' the piston A3and are provided with ports or openings b2 b3 111195, of

IOO

which the ports or openings b2 bconnectsaid passage-ways, respectively,with the valvechamber A4 and the ports or openings b" b5 connect saidpassage-ways, respectively, with the valve-chamber A5.

The port-s b2 b3 are controlled by a valve B and the ports b4 b5 byavalve B. As shown, said valves B B consist of sleeves fitted to andlongitudinally movable on the rod or stem A', said valves being insufficiently strong frictional engagement with said rod or stem A tomaintain them in fixed longitudinal adjustment thereon, except undertheinfluence of a moving force.

Formed adjacent to the opposite ends of the valve B are ports Z)6 57,adapted to be brought into register with the ports b2 b3, respectively,by longitudinal movement of said valve on the stem or rod A, and formedadjacent to the opposite ends of the valve B are ports bs b9, adapted tobe brought into register with the ports b4 b5, respectively, bylongitudinal movement of said valve B on said stem or rod A.

The valves B B are maintained in xed angular adjustment on the rod orstem A by keys Z910, preferably formed integral with the casing A, whichengage grooves or keyways Z911 in said valves, the relation being suchthat when assembled the ports b2 b3 will be in alinement with the ports196 bl, respectively, and the ports b4 b5 with the ports bs b,respectively.

In the preferable construction shown the valves B B' are shorter thanthe valve-chambers A4A5, in which they are respectively contained, suchdifferences in length, however, being less than the travel of the pistonA3, and thus of the rod orstem A, by an amount substantially equal tothe lollgitudinal distances between the ports b 57 and bs Z2 of thevalves B B, respectively. IVith this construction itis obvious that eachtime the piston A3 makes a full stroke the valves B B will be movedlongitudinally ou the rod or stem A, and the relation of parts is suchthat when said piston is at one end of its st-roke the admission-portZ?" of the valve B will be in register with the port b2 and theexhaustport b9 of the valve B will be in register with the port b5, andwhen said piston\is at the other end of its stroke the admission-port197 of the valve B will be in register with the port b3 and theexhaust-port 198 of the valve B' will be in register with the port b4.With this construction it is obvious that the admissionports b2 b3 andthe exhaust-ports b5, corresponding to the open admission-port, willremain open during only a portion of the piston-stroke equal to thedifference between the lengths of the valves B B and the valvechambersA4 A5, respectively, as said valves,

striking the ends of said valve-chambers, will be moved to close theopen admission and` exhaust ports. It is also obvious that as soon asthe admission-port is closed the piston will operate 011 expansion ofthe fluid in the cylinder and that as soon as the exhaust-port closes acushion will form in front of the pisof said valves B B.

ton, so that by properly proportioning the lengths of said valvesrelatively to the valvechambers and the longitudinal distances betweenthe admission-ports b o7 and the exhaust-ports bs b9 the rammer may becaused to work on any desired expansion and any desired cushion formedin front of the piston, or the same results could be attained byelongating either or both sets of admission and exhaust openings without varying the lengths In fact, by providing ports of proper lengths saidvalves B B could be made of the same lengths as the valvechambers A4 A5,respectively, in which case said valves would always remain stationary.The effect of this constructiomhowever, would be to increase the wear onsaid valves, due to the movement of the rod or stem A therethrough.

The valves B B may be made of any suitable material, the fluid used foroperating the engine controlling the selection of the material to aconsiderable extent. In practice when the engine has been operated bycompressed air I have used vulcanized ber and have found it well adaptedfor the purpose. In case steam were to be used or other fluid calculatedto swell fiber any desired impermeable substance may be usedeven iron.

In the preferable construction shown the passageways b b are formed bygrooves formed longitudinallyin the surface of a rod B2, fitted to andpreferably soldered into a hole formed longitudinally in the rod or stemA, so that a practically tight joint will be formed between said rod B2and the inulosing rod or stem A.

It is obvious that a ram mer embodying my invention may be constructedto strike with one or both ends.

The rammer shown in the drawings is adapted to strike with both ends. Toeffect this, the rod or stem A projects at both ends beyond the casing Aand has secured to one end thereof a butt B3 and to its opposite end apeen B4, and the valves are so constructed and proportioned that saidrammer will be driven in both directions with substantially equal force.

To preventa-ccess of sand or othergrit to the bearings of the rod orstem A' in the casing A, which would operate to rapidly wear saidbearings, shields B5 are provided which entirely inclose the projectingends of said rod or stem. As shown, said shields B5 consist of tubes ofsuitable iiexible material, preferably thin sheet-rubber or the like,one attached to each end of the casing A and to the butt B3 and peen B4,respectively, at their other ends.` i The casingAof a ram mer or engineof my invention is mounted in a suitable supporting-frame, preferably insuch manner that it may be reversed end for end or turned at any desiredangle either about a horizontal or a Vertical axis.

In the,preferable.construction shown the IOO IIO

casing A is provided with trunnions C, preferably located at about itscenter of gravity longitudinally, which" engage suitable bearings formedin the ends of arms C', the upper ends of which are preferably rigidlysecured to an inertia-weight C2, Whiclnwith the casing ofthe raininerandadjunctive parts ,will weigh about the saine or a little less than theblow said rainmer is designed to strike. Thus the full efiiciency of theraininer will be obtai ned.

Caps c, secured to the trunnions C outside of their bearings in the armsC', maintain said trunnions in engagement with their bearings in saidarms against possibility of accidental disengagement.

Fluid Linder pressure is admitted to the valve-compartment AL1 in thefollowing inanner: Formed in one of the trunnions C is a passage c,which connects the valve-chainber A4 with an opening c2, which extendsaround the interior of said trunnion-bearing, which also communicateswith a passage c3, formed in one of the arms C', said passage c3 beingconnected with a suitable source of supply of Iiuid under pressure bymeans of a fiexible tube. (Not shown.) As shown, a short inet-al tubecLl is secured in the open end of the passage c3, affording convenientmeans for attaching said flexible supply-tube. My inven=tion,howeveigconteinplates forming the opening t2 in the surface of thetrunnions C.

In the preferable construction shown bushings c5 are provided onopposite sides of the trunnion-bearing, through which Huid is admittedto the valve-chain ber Al. Said bushings c5 are preferably threadedintorthe arm C' and are made with straight inner faces adapted to bearagainst corresponding shoulders formed on said arm (y, cupped-leatherpackings c6 being secured between the ,abutting ends of said bearing andbushings adapted to render said bearings tight against the pressure ofduid in the Opening c2.

The admission of' iiuid under pressure to the valve-chamber A4 iscontrolled by means ot' a suitable valve applied to the passage leadingthereto. As shown, said valve consists of a plug c7, fitted to andlongitudinally movable in a suitable hole or opening o8, whichintersects said passage across its entire area. The body of said plugwill thus operate to entirely close said fluid-passage. Formed in thesurface of said plug c7 is a groove 09, which may be brought intoregister with said liuidpassage by proper movement of said plug c7, soas to open said passage in an obvious manner. A projecting end c10 ofthe plug cT affords convenient means for manipulating said plug. Aspring cu, applied to said plug c7, maintains said plug normally at onelimit of its travel, in which position said fluid-passage will beclosed, while said plug` may be inoved against the force of the springc11 to bring the groove ci into register with the duid-passage, and thusopen said passage by pressing on the projecting end 010 of said plug inan obvious manner,

As shown, the valve-plug 'c7 is manipulated by means of a trigger cl2,pivoted on the arm C in proper position. As shown also, the trigger c12is pivoted at the upper end of a handle C3, foi-ined on the arm C forconvenience in handling the rammer, the position being preferably suchthat said trigger may be conveniently manipulated by the thumb of thehand grasping said handle.

Oil for lubricating the engine is delivered thereto through an oil-holecl3, formed in the arm C', in which the opening c2 is formed and whichcommunicates with said opening c2. As shown, an oil-cup U4 is securedtherein, the oil descending from said cup G4 through the passage cl3into the opening c2, whence it is carried through the entire engine bythe current of [iuid under pressure delivered to said engine.

A rammer or engine of my invention may be supported in operativeposition in any desired manner, I prefer, however, to suspend it at theend of a rope or cable D7 attached to a ring d on the inertia-weight O2,which passes over a pulley I) and has a counterbalance-weight D2attached to its opposite end.

I clain1-- l. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing withinwhich are formed an .actuating-cylinder and separate valve-chambers, oneof said valve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission of Fluid under pressure and the other with an exhaust-opening,a rod or stem fitted to and longitudinally movable in bearings formed inthe casing of said engine, a piston on said rod litted to the cylinderin said casing, passages in said rod or stem which communicate with thecylinder' on opposite sides of the piston, ports o1' openings whichconnect each of said passages with the admission and eX- haust valvechambers and valves in said valvechambers which control said ports oropenings, substantially as described.

2. In an impact engine, the combination ot' a casing within which areformed an actuating-cylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of saidvalve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission of fluid under pressure and the other with an exhaust-opening,a rod or stein fitted to and longitudinally movable in bearings formedin the casing of said engine, a piston on said rod or siem fitted to thecylinder in said casing, passages in said rod or stem which communicatewith the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston, ports or openingswhich connect each of said passages with the admission and. exhaustvalve chambers and valves in said valve-chain bers operated by themovement of said rod or stem which control said ports or openings,substantially as described.

In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing within which are formedan actuating-cylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of saidvalve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission IOO of fluid under pressure and the other with anexhaust-opening, a rod or stem fitted to and longitudinally movable insuitable bearings in said casing, a piston on said rod or stem fitted tothe cylinder in said casing, passages in said rod or stem whichcommunicate With the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston, ports oropenings which connect each of said passages with the admission andexhaust valve chambers, Valves in said chambers which control the portsor openings to said passages by movement of said rod or stem relativelyto said valves, said valves being of lengths differing from theirrespective valvechambers by amounts less than the travel of the piston,substantially as described..

4. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing within which areformed an actuating-cylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of saidvalve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission of fluid under pressure and the other With an exhaust-opening,a rod or stem fitted to and longitudinally movable in bearings formed insaid casing, a piston on said rod or stem iitted to the cylinder in saidcasing, passages in said rod or stern which communicate with thecylinder on opposite sides of the piston, ports or openings whichconnect each of said passages with the admission and exhaust valvechambers, valves in said valve-chambers which control said ports oropenings to said passages, said valves consisting of sleeves fitted toand longitudinally movable on said rod or stem, the dierence between thelengths of which and of their respective chambers is less than thetravel of the piston and ports or openings in said valves adapted to bebrought into register With those to the passages in the rod or stem bylongitudinal movement of said valves relatively to said rod or stem,substantially as described.

5. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing in which are formedan actuatingcylinderand separate valve-chambers, one of which isprovided With a controlled passage for the admission of fluid underpressure and the other with an exhaust-opening, a rod or stem fitted tobearings in the casing of said engine, a piston on said rod or stemfitted to the cylinder in said casing, passages in said rod or stemwhich communicate With said cylinder on opposite sides'of said piston,ports or openings which connect each of said passages with the admissionand exhaust valve chambers, valves in said chambers Whiclicontrol saidports or openings to said passages, said valves consisting of sleevesfitted to and longitudinally movable on said rod or stem, ports oropenings in said valves adapted to be brought into register with theports or openings to the passages in said rod or stem and means tomaintain said valves in fixed angular adjustment on said rod orstem,substantially as described.

6. In an impact-engine, the combination of a caslng 1n which are formedan actuatingcylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of which isprovided With a controlled passage for the admission of fluid underpressure and the other With an exhaust-opening, a rod or stem fitted toand longitudinally movable in bearings formed in the casing of' saidengine, a piston on said rod or stem fitted to the cylinder in saidcasing, means to maintain said rod or stem in fixed angular positionrelatively to said casing, passages in said rod or stem whichcommunicate with the actuatingcylinder on opposite sides of the piston,ports or openings which connect each of said passages with the admissionand exhaust valve chambers, valves in said chambers which control saidports or openings to the passages in said rod or stem, said valvesconsisting of sleeves fitted to and longitudinally movable on said rodor stem, ports or openings in said valves adapted to be brought intoregister with the ports or openings to the passages in said rod or stemby longitudinal movement of said valves on said rod or stem and means tomaintain said valves in fixed angular adjustment on said rod or stem,substantially as described.

7. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing in which are formedan actuatingcylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of which isprovided with a controlled passage for the admission of fluid underpressure and the other With an exhaust-opening, a rod or stem fitted toand longitudinally movable in suitable bearings in the casing of saidengine, one of said bearings comprising atleast one dat side, a pistonon said stem fitted to the actuating-cylinder, passages which connectsaid valve-chambers With said actuating-cylinder on opposite sides ofthe piston and valves which control said passages, substantially asdescribed.

8. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing in which are formedan actuatingcylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of saidvalve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission of fluid under pressure and the other With an exhaustopening,a rod or stem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearingsin the casing of said engine, one of said bearings comprising curved andflat sides, a piston on said rod or stem fitted to theactuating-cylinder,passages which connect the valve-chambers with theactuating-cylinder on opposite sides of the piston and valves whichcontrol said passages, substantially as described.

9. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing in which are formedan actuatingcylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of saidvalve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission of fluid under pressure andthe other with an exhaustopening, arod or stem fitted to and longitutudinally movable in suitable bearingsin the casing of said engine, means to maintain said rod or stem infixed angular adjustment relatively to said casing, passages in said rodor IOO IIO

stem, which communicate with the actuating-cylinder ou opposite sides ofsaid piston, ports or openings which connect each ot said passages withsaid valvechambers, valves which control said ports or openings, saidvalves consisting of sleeves fitted to and longitudinally movable onsaid rod or stein, ports or openings in said valves adapted to bebrought into register With the ports or openings to the passages in saidrod or stem by movement of said sleeves longitudinally of said stein andribs or keys on the interiors of said valve-chambers Which engagegrooves formed longitudinally in the surface of said Valves,substantially as described.

10. In an impact-engine, the combination of a casing in which are formedan actuatingcylinder and separate valve-chambers, one of saidvalve-chambers being provided With a controlled passage for theadmission of iiuid underpressure and the other with an exhaustopening, arod or stem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings inthe casing of said engine, one of said bearings comprisingnon-interchangeable fiat and round surfaces, a piston on said rod orstem fitted to the actuating-cylinder, passages formed in said rod orstem which communicate with the actuating-cylinder on opposite sides ofthe piston, ports or openings which connect each of said passages Withthe valve-chambers, valves which control said ports or openings, saidvalves consisting of sleeves titted to and longitudinally movable onsaid stem, ports or openings in said sleeves adapted to be brought intoregister with the ports or openings to the passages in said rod or stemby movement of said sleeves longitudinally of said rod or stern and ribsor keys on the interiors of said valvechambers which engage groovesformed longitudinally in the surfaces of said sleeves, substantially asdescribed.

11. In an impactengine, the combination of a casing in which are formedan actuating cylinder and separate valvechambers, one of said.Valve-chambers being provided with a controlled passage for theadmission of fluid under pressure and the other With an exhaustpening, arod or stem iitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings inthe casing of said engine, a piston on said rod or stem fit-ted to theactuating-cylinder, a bore formed longitudinally in said rod or stem, arod secured in said bore, grooves formed longitudinally in the surfaceof said smaller rod forming longitudinal passages in the main rod orstem, holes which connect said passages with the actuating-cylinder onopposite sides of the piston, respectively, ports or openings Whichconnect each of said passages with the valve-chambers and valves whichcontrol said ports or openings, substantially as described.

12. In animpact-engine,the combination of a casing comprising threesections secured together by screw-threads and keys to prevent relativemovement of the sections of said casing, heads clamped between thesections of said casing, which divide the iniericr ot' said casing intoan actuating-cylinder and separate valve-compartments, one of saidvalvecompartments being provided With a controlled passage for theladmission of iiuid under pressure and the other with an exhaustopening,a rod or stein fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearingsin the casing of said engine, a piston on said rod or stem tted to theactuati iig-cylinder, passages in said rod or stem which respectivelycommunicate with the actuatirig-cylinder on opposite sides of the pistonon said rod or stem, ports or openings which connect each of saidpassages With the valve-chambers and valves Which control said ports oropenings, substantially as described.

The combination with an impact-engine, comprising a casing, a rod orstem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings in saidcasing and means to impart a reciprocating movement to said rod or stem,of asupporting-frame in which the casing of said engine ispivetallysupported so that it. may be turned end forend, substantiallyas described.

14. The combination with an impact-engine comprising a casing, a rod orstem iitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings in saidcasing and means to impart a reciprocating movement to said rod or stem,of a su pporting-frame in which the casing of said engine is pivotallymounted, the means for so mounting said casing in said frame comprisi ngtrunnions formed on one thereot adapted to engage suitable bearings inthe other thereof, substantially as described.

15. The combination with an im pact-engine of the type described, of asupporting-frame provided with bearings to which are (itted trunnionsformed on the casing of the engine, the passage admitting Huid underpressure to said engine comprising sections formed in one of thetrunnions on the casing and in the supporting-frame, both of whichcommunicate with an opening formed around the bearing of said trunnion,substantially as described.

16. The combination with an impact-engine of the type described, of asupporting-frame therefor comprising arms in which are formed bearingsto which are fitted trunnions on the casing of the engine, the passagefor the admission of tiuid under pressure to said engine comprisingsections formed in one of said trunnions and in the supporting-arm inwhich said trunnion is mounted, both ot' which communicate with anopening formed around the trunnion-bearing, su bstantially as described.

' 17. Thecombination withanirnpact-engine, of the type described,of aframe provided With bearings to which trunnions formed on the casing ofthe engine are fitted, the passage for the admission of fluid underpressure to said engine comprising sections formed in one of the truunions on the casing and in the supporting-frame, both of whichcommunicate With an opening formed around the trunnion- IOO IIO

bearing, the trunnion-bearing containing said opening being bushed onboth sides and cupped-leather packing secu red between said bushings andthe ends of the recesses in which they are secured adapted to rendersaid bearings tight against pressure in the opening in said bearing,substantially as described.

1S. rlhecombination with animpact-engine comprising a casing, a rod orstem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings in saidcasing and means to impart a reciprocating movement to said rod or stem,of an inertia-Weight and connection between said inert.iaweight and thecasing of the engine, substantially as described.

19. Thecombination With an impact-engine, comprising a casing, a rod orstem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings in saidcasing and means toimpart a reciprocating movement to said rod or stem,of a supported inertia-Weight and rigid connection between saidinertia-Weight and the casing of said engine, substantially asdescribed.

' 20. The combination with an impact-engine, comprising a casing, a rodor stem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings insaid casing and means to impart a reciprocating movement to said rod orstem, of an inertia-Weight and arms thereon in Which the casing of saidengine is pivoted, substantially as described.

2l. The combination With an impact-engine, comprising a casing, a rod orstem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings in saidcasing and means toimpart a reciprocating movement to said rod or stem,of a supported'inertia-Weight and rigid arms thereon in which the casingof said engine is pivoted, substantially as described.

22. The combination With an impact-engine of thev type described, of aninertia-\veight, arms thereon in which the casing of the engine ispivotally mounted, the means for so mounting said engine-casing in saidarms comprising trunnions formed on one thereof adapted to engagebearingsin the otherthereof, the passage admitting fluid under pressureto said engine comprising a section formed in one of the trunnions,substantially as described.

23. The combination with an impact-engine of the type described, of aninertia-weight, arms thereon provided with bearings, trunnions on thecasingof said engine fitted to said bearings, the passage admitting Huidun- 4der pressure to said engine comprising sections formed in atrunnion on the engine-casing and in the supporting-arm in which saidtrunnion is mounted, both of which communicate with an opening formedaround the trunnion or its bearing,substantially as described.

24. The combination withanimpactengine of the type described, of aninertia-weight, arms rigidly secured thereto, said arms being providedwith bearings to which are fitted trunnions formed on the engine-casing,the passage admitting duid under pressure to said engine comprisingsections formed in a trunnion and in the supporting-arm i'n which saidtrunnion is mounted, both of which comm unicate with an opening formedaround the trunnion or its bearing, substantially as described.

25. The combination with an im pact-engine, comprising a casing, a rodor stem fitted to and longitudinally movable in suitable bearings insaid casing and means to impart a reciprocating movement to said rod orstem, of an inertia weight, rigid arms thereon, to which the casing ofthe engine is connected, a flexible rope or the like attached to saidinertia-weight, a pulley over which said rope passes and acouuterbalance-weigbt secured to a rope on the opposite side of saidpulley from the inertia-weight, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereuntoset my hand this 16th day of July, 190i).

BYRON B. CARTER.

Witnesses:

F. E. LoNAs, R. R. STONE.

